Exercise 5.

Geoff Poshingten is out at a fancy pizza joint, and decides to order a calzone. When the waiter asks what he would like in it, he replies, “I want either pepperoni or sausage. Also, if I have sausage, then I must also include quail. Oh, and if I have pepperoni or quail then I must also have ricotta cheese.”

  1. Translate Geoff's order into logical symbols.

  2. The waiter knows that Geoff is either a liar or a truth-teller (so either everything he says is false, or everything is true). Which is it?

  3. What, if anything, can the waiter conclude about the ingredients in Geoff's desired calzone?

Hint.
in-context