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  1. Neither. \({14 \choose 4}\) paths.

  2. \({10\choose 4}\) bow ties.

  3. \(P(10,4)\text{,}\) since order is important.

  4. Neither. Assuming you will wear each of the 4 ties on just 4 of the 7 days, without repeats: \({10\choose 4}P(7,4)\text{.}\)

  5. \(P(10,4)\text{.}\)

  6. \({10\choose 4}\text{.}\)

  7. Neither. Since you could repeat letters: \(10^4\text{.}\) If no repeats are allowed, it would be \(P(10,4)\text{.}\)

  8. Neither. Actually, “k” is the 11th letter of the alphabet, so the answer is 0. If “k” was among the first 10 letters, there would only be 1 way - write it down.

  9. Neither. Either \({9\choose 3}\) (if every kid gets an apple) or \({13 \choose 3}\) (if appleless kids are allowed).

  10. Neither. Note that this could not be \({10 \choose 4}\) since the 10 things and 4 things are from different groups. \(4^{10}\text{,}\) assuming each kid eats one type of cerial.

  11. \({10 \choose 4}\) - don't be fooled by the “arrange” in there - you are picking 4 out of 10 spots to put the 1's.

  12. \({10 \choose 4}\) (assuming order is irrelevant).

  13. Neither. \(16^{10}\) (each kid chooses yes or no to 4 varieties).

  14. Neither. 0.

  15. Neither. \(4^{10} - [{4\choose 1}3^{10} - {4\choose 2}2^{10} + {4 \choose 3}1^{10}]\text{.}\)

  16. Neither. \(10\cdot 4\text{.}\)

  17. Neither. \(4^{10}\text{.}\)

  18. \({10 \choose 4}\) (which is the same as \({10 \choose 6}\)).

  19. Neither. If all the kids were identical, and you wanted no empty teams, it would be \({10 \choose 4}\text{.}\) Instead, this will be the same as the number of surjective functions from a set of size 11 to a set of size 5.

  20. \({10 \choose 4}\text{.}\)

  21. \({10 \choose 4}\text{.}\)

  22. Neither. \(4!\text{.}\)

  23. Neither. It's \({10 \choose 4}\) if you won't repeat any choices. If repetition is allowed, then this becomes \(x_1 + x_2 + \cdots +x_{10} = 4\text{,}\) which has \({13 \choose 9}\) solutions in non-negative integers.

  24. Neither. Since repetition of cookie type is allowed, the answer is \(10^4\text{.}\) Without repetition, you would have \(P(10,4)\text{.}\)

  25. \({10 \choose 4}\) since that is equal to \({9 \choose 4} + {9 \choose 3}\text{.}\)

  26. Neither. It will be a complicated (possibly PIE) counting problem.

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