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We simplify this further by writing this as a “matrix” with each input directly over its output:

\begin{equation*} f = \twoline{0 \amp 1 \amp 2\amp 3 \amp 4}{3 \amp 3 \amp 2 \amp 4 \amp 1}\text{.} \end{equation*}

Note this is just notation and not the same sort of matrix you would find in a linear algebra class (it does not make sense to do operations with these matrices, or row reduce them, for example).

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