Solution 3.3.5.1.

  1. Negation: The power goes off and the food does not spoil.

    Converse: If the food spoils, then the power went off.

    Contrapositive: If the food does not spoil, then the power did not go off.

  2. Negation: The door is closed and the light is on.

    Converse: If the light is off then the door is closed.

    Contrapositive: If the light is on then the door is open.

  3. Negation: \(\exists x (x \lt 1 \wedge x^2 \ge 1)\)

    Converse: \(\forall x( x^2 \lt 1 \imp x \lt 1)\)

    Contrapositive: \(\forall x (x^2 \ge 1 \imp x \ge 1)\text{.}\)

  4. Negation: There is a natural number \(n\) which is prime but not solitary.

    Converse: For all natural numbers \(n\text{,}\) if \(n\) is solitary, then \(n\) is prime.

    Contrapositive: For all natural numbers \(n\text{,}\) if \(n\) is not solitary then \(n\) is not prime.

  5. Negation: There is a function which is differentiable and not continuous.

    Converse: For all functions \(f\text{,}\) if \(f\) is continuous then \(f\) is differentiable.

    Contrapositive: For all functions \(f\text{,}\) if \(f\) is not continuous then \(f\) is not differentiable.

  6. Negation: There are integers \(a\) and \(b\) for which \(a\cdot b\) is even but \(a\) or \(b\) is odd.

    Converse: For all integers \(a\) and \(b\text{,}\) if \(a\) and \(b\) are even then \(ab\) is even.

    Contrapositive: For all integers \(a\) and \(b\text{,}\) if \(a\) or \(b\) is odd, then \(ab\) is odd.

  7. Negation: There are integers \(x\) and \(y\) such that for every integer \(n\text{,}\) \(x \gt 0\) and \(nx \le y\text{.}\)

    Converse: For every integer \(x\) and every integer \(y\) there is an integer \(n\) such that if \(nx > y\) then \(x > 0\text{.}\)

    Contrapositive: For every integer \(x\) and every integer \(y\) there is an integer \(n\) such that if \(nx \le y\) then \(x \le 0\text{.}\)

  8. Negation: There are real numbers \(x\) and \(y\) such that \(xy = 0\) but \(x \ne 0\) and \(y \ne 0\text{.}\)

    Converse: For all real numbers \(x\) and \(y\text{,}\) if \(x = 0\) or \(y = 0\) then \(xy = 0\)

    Contrapositive: For all real numbers \(x\) and \(y\text{,}\) if \(x \ne 0\) and \(y \ne 0\) then \(xy \ne 0\text{.}\)

  9. Negation: There is at least one student in Math 228 who does not understand implications but will still pass the exam.

    Converse: For every student in Math 228, if they fail the exam, then they did not understand implications.

    Contrapositive: For every student in Math 228, if they pass the exam, then they understood implications.

in-context